Dr. Anna Graber is a historian of earth and environmental science specializing in the culture of science in early modern Russia. Her research is on the meanings and uses of the earth and its products in Russian history. In the book manuscript she is preparing for publication, Tsardom of Rock: Science, Society, and Enlightenment in Russia’s Mining Empire, she examines how leaders of the mining industry developed new methods of knowing and ruling Russia’s natural environment and imperial subjects, in the process forging the modern Russian Empire. Dr. Graber also works on the interplay of geological thought and Russian Orthodoxy and on the intellectual aftershocks of the Great Lisbon Earthquake of 1755.